diff --git a/vps_init.sh b/vps_init.sh
index 9a2b745..8bd1512 100644
--- a/vps_init.sh
+++ b/vps_init.sh
@@ -756,9 +756,18 @@ bantime = 1h
 findtime = 10m
 EOF
 
-        # 重启Fail2ban
-        log "${YELLOW}重启Fail2ban服务...${NC}"
-        systemctl restart fail2ban 2>/dev/null || systemctl start fail2ban 2>/dev/null || log "${RED}Fail2ban服务启动失败${NC}"
+        # 应用配置：已运行则优先 reload(不中断防护、保留已封禁IP)，未运行才 start
+        if systemctl is-active --quiet fail2ban; then
+            log "${YELLOW}Fail2ban正在运行，重载配置(保留已封禁IP)...${NC}"
+            systemctl reload fail2ban 2>/dev/null \
+                || systemctl restart fail2ban 2>/dev/null \
+                || log "${RED}Fail2ban配置重载失败${NC}"
+        else
+            log "${YELLOW}启动Fail2ban服务...${NC}"
+            systemctl start fail2ban 2>/dev/null \
+                || systemctl restart fail2ban 2>/dev/null \
+                || log "${RED}Fail2ban服务启动失败${NC}"
+        fi
 
         # 等待服务启动完成
         log "${YELLOW}等待Fail2ban服务完全启动...${NC}"