重构SSH安全配置脚本，添加日志功能、错误处理及用户确认步骤
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eddy
@@ -2,43 +2,245 @@
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# chmod +x 00-disable-password.sh && ./00-disable-password.sh
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# curl -sS -O https://gitea.tohub.top/Share/vps/raw/branch/main/init/00-disable-password.sh && chmod +x 00-disable-password.sh && ./00-disable-password.sh
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set -e # 遇到错误立即退出
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# 颜色输出
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
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NC='\033[0m' # No Color
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# 日志函数
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log_info() {
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echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $1"
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}
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log_warn() {
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echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"
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}
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log_error() {
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echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"
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}
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# 用户设置
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new_ssh_port="4399" # 根据需求修改端口
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NEW_SSH_PORT="4399" # 根据需求修改端口
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BACKUP_DIR="/root/ssh_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"
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echo "1、关闭 SSH 密码登录并启用密钥认证"
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disablePasswordLogin() {
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# 备份 SSH 配置文件
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cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak
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# 检查是否为root用户
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if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
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log_error "请使用 root 用户运行此脚本"
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exit 1
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fi
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# 修改 SSH 配置文件
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sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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# 创建备份目录
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mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
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log_info "备份目录: $BACKUP_DIR"
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# 确保 PubkeyAuthentication 开启
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sed -i 's/^#\?PubkeyAuthentication.*/PubkeyAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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# 1. 检查公钥是否存在
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check_ssh_keys() {
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log_info "检查 SSH 公钥..."
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# 修改端口
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sed -i 's/^#\?Port [0-9]\+/Port '$new_ssh_port'/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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# 重启 SSH 服务
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service sshd restart
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if [ ! -f ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ] || [ ! -s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ]; then
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log_error "未找到 SSH 公钥文件或文件为空！"
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log_error "路径: ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
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echo ""
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log_warn "如果继续，您将无法通过 SSH 登录服务器！"
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read -p "是否要继续？(输入 YES 继续): " confirm
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if [ "$confirm" != "YES" ]; then
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log_info "操作已取消"
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exit 0
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fi
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else
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log_info "找到 SSH 公钥，密钥数量: $(grep -c "^ssh-" ~/.ssh/authorized_keys || echo 0)"
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echo "密钥内容预览:"
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head -n 2 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
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fi
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}
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disablePasswordLogin
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echo "2、开启防火墙并允许新的 SSH 端口"
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openUfwPort() {
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echo "开启防火墙并允许新的SSH端口: $new_ssh_port"
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apt update -y && apt install -y ufw
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# 2. 检查端口是否被占用
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check_port() {
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log_info "检查端口 $NEW_SSH_PORT 是否可用..."
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if ss -tlnp | grep -q ":$NEW_SSH_PORT "; then
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log_error "端口 $NEW_SSH_PORT 已被占用！"
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ss -tlnp | grep ":$NEW_SSH_PORT "
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exit 1
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fi
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log_info "端口 $NEW_SSH_PORT 可用"
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}
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# 3. 关闭 SSH 密码登录并启用密钥认证
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disable_password_login() {
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log_info "开始配置 SSH..."
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# 备份原始配置
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cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config "$BACKUP_DIR/sshd_config.bak"
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log_info "已备份 SSH 配置到: $BACKUP_DIR/sshd_config.bak"
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# 创建新配置
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cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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# 修改配置（更安全的方式）
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# 1. 禁止 root 密码登录，但允许密钥登录
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if grep -q "^PermitRootLogin" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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sed -i 's/^PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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else
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echo "PermitRootLogin prohibit-password" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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fi
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# 2. 禁用密码认证
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if grep -q "^PasswordAuthentication" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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sed -i 's/^PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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else
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echo "PasswordAuthentication no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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fi
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# 3. 启用公钥认证
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if grep -q "^PubkeyAuthentication" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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sed -i 's/^PubkeyAuthentication.*/PubkeyAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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else
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echo "PubkeyAuthentication yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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fi
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# 4. 修改端口
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if grep -q "^Port " /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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sed -i "s/^Port [0-9]\+/Port $NEW_SSH_PORT/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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else
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sed -i "s/^#Port 22/Port $NEW_SSH_PORT/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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fi
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# 5. 额外的安全加固
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# 禁用空密码
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if grep -q "^PermitEmptyPasswords" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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sed -i 's/^PermitEmptyPasswords.*/PermitEmptyPasswords no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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else
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echo "PermitEmptyPasswords no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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fi
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# 禁用质询响应认证
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if grep -q "^ChallengeResponseAuthentication" /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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sed -i 's/^ChallengeResponseAuthentication.*/ChallengeResponseAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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fi
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# 验证配置文件语法
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log_info "验证 SSH 配置文件语法..."
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if sshd -t -f /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp; then
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log_info "SSH 配置文件语法正确"
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mv /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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else
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log_error "SSH 配置文件语法错误！"
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rm /etc/ssh/sshd_config.tmp
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exit 1
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fi
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}
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# 4. 重启 SSH 服务（兼容多种系统）
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restart_ssh() {
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log_info "重启 SSH 服务..."
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# 保持当前连接
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log_warn "注意: SSH 服务将重启，但当前连接会保持"
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if command -v systemctl &> /dev/null; then
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systemctl restart sshd || systemctl restart ssh
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log_info "SSH 服务已通过 systemctl 重启"
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elif command -v service &> /dev/null; then
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service sshd restart || service ssh restart
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log_info "SSH 服务已通过 service 重启"
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else
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/etc/init.d/sshd restart || /etc/init.d/ssh restart
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log_info "SSH 服务已通过 init.d 重启"
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fi
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}
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# 5. 配置防火墙
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configure_firewall() {
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log_info "配置防火墙..."
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# 检查系统并安装 UFW
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if ! command -v ufw &> /dev/null; then
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log_info "安装 UFW 防火墙..."
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apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y ufw
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fi
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# 备份当前防火墙规则
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ufw status numbered > "$BACKUP_DIR/ufw_rules.bak" 2>/dev/null || true
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# 配置防火墙规则
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log_info "设置防火墙规则..."
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# 先允许新端口，避免锁死
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ufw allow $NEW_SSH_PORT/tcp comment "SSH"
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# 询问是否允许其他常用端口
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read -p "是否允许 HTTP (80) 和 HTTPS (443) 端口? (y/n): " allow_web
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if [[ $allow_web =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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ufw allow 80/tcp comment "HTTP"
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ufw allow 443/tcp comment "HTTPS"
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log_info "已允许 HTTP 和 HTTPS 端口"
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fi
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# 启用防火墙
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ufw --force enable
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ufw allow $new_ssh_port
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ufw status
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}
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openUfwPort
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echo "------------------------"
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echo "修改后的信息："
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echo "端口: $new_ssh_port"
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echo "SSH 密码登录: 已关闭"
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echo "请确保您的公钥已正确上传到服务器的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 文件中。"
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echo "------------------------"
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log_info "防火墙状态:"
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ufw status verbose
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}
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# 6. 显示最终信息
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show_summary() {
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echo ""
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echo "========================================"
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log_info "SSH 安全配置完成！"
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echo "========================================"
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echo ""
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echo "修改后的配置:"
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echo " - SSH 端口: $NEW_SSH_PORT"
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echo " - 密码登录: 已禁用"
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echo " - 密钥登录: 已启用"
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echo " - Root 密码登录: 已禁用"
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echo ""
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echo "备份信息:"
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echo " - 备份目录: $BACKUP_DIR"
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echo " - SSH 配置备份: $BACKUP_DIR/sshd_config.bak"
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echo ""
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echo "重要提示:"
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echo " 1. 请勿关闭当前 SSH 连接"
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echo " 2. 在新终端测试登录: ssh -p $NEW_SSH_PORT root@your_server_ip"
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echo " 3. 确认新连接成功后再关闭此窗口"
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echo " 4. 如果无法登录，可以使用以下命令恢复:"
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echo " cp $BACKUP_DIR/sshd_config.bak /etc/ssh/sshd_config"
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echo " systemctl restart sshd"
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echo ""
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echo "========================================"
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}
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# 主流程
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main() {
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log_info "开始 SSH 安全配置..."
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echo ""
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# 显示当前配置
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log_info "当前 SSH 配置:"
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echo " - 当前端口: $(grep "^Port " /etc/ssh/sshd_config 2>/dev/null || echo "22 (默认)")"
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echo " - 将修改为: $NEW_SSH_PORT"
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echo ""
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# 确认执行
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read -p "是否继续执行? (y/n): " confirm
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if [[ ! $confirm =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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log_info "操作已取消"
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exit 0
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fi
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check_ssh_keys
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check_port
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disable_password_login
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restart_ssh
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configure_firewall
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show_summary
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}
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# 执行主函数
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main
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